Contrary to popular expectation, since the signing of a national peace agreement in 2006, and Nepal’s first democratic elections as a republic in 2008, social and political unrest in the form of bandhs and politically motivated labour strikes have not only continued, but intensified. As a strike wave sweeps across the country, it appears that neither government appeal nor political party agreement to curb such action, has had significant affect; particularly as government affiliated organisations continue to facilitate these damaging activities. More than ever, there is an urgent need to (i) methodically asses and properly understand, the full extent of livelihood and economic costs which result from bandhs and labour strikes, and (ii) ensure that substantial action is immediately undertaken to end the endemic bandh cultural which now extends across much of Nepal.